Sie können Daten aus einer csv-Datei in Google Drive mithilfe von Google Apps Script in ein vorhandenes Google-Blatt importieren und die Daten nach Bedarf ersetzen/anhängen.
Unten finden Sie einen Beispielcode. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass: a) Sie haben einen bestimmten Ordner in Ihrem Laufwerk, wo die CSV-Datei gespeichert/hochgeladen wird; b) die CSV-Datei heißt "report.csv" und die darin enthaltenen Daten werden durch Kommas getrennt; und c) Die CSV-Daten werden in eine bestimmte Tabelle importiert. Siehe Kommentare im Code für weitere Details.
function importData() {
var fSource = DriveApp.getFolderById(reports_folder_id); // reports_folder_id = id of folder where csv reports are saved
var fi = fSource.getFilesByName('report.csv'); // latest report file
var ss = SpreadsheetApp.openById(data_sheet_id); // data_sheet_id = id of spreadsheet that holds the data to be updated with new report data
if (fi.hasNext()) { // proceed if "report.csv" file exists in the reports folder
var file = fi.next();
var csv = file.getBlob().getDataAsString();
var csvData = CSVToArray(csv); // see below for CSVToArray function
var newsheet = ss.insertSheet('NEWDATA'); // create a 'NEWDATA' sheet to store imported data
// loop through csv data array and insert (append) as rows into 'NEWDATA' sheet
for (var i=0, lenCsv=csvData.length; i<lenCsv; i++) {
newsheet.getRange(i+1, 1, 1, csvData[i].length).setValues(new Array(csvData[i]));
}
/*
** report data is now in 'NEWDATA' sheet in the spreadsheet - process it as needed,
** then delete 'NEWDATA' sheet using ss.deleteSheet(newsheet)
*/
// rename the report.csv file so it is not processed on next scheduled run
file.setName("report-"+(new Date().toString())+".csv");
}
};
// http://www.bennadel.com/blog/1504-Ask-Ben-Parsing-CSV-Strings-With-Javascript-Exec-Regular-Expression-Command.htm
// This will parse a delimited string into an array of
// arrays. The default delimiter is the comma, but this
// can be overriden in the second argument.
function CSVToArray(strData, strDelimiter) {
// Check to see if the delimiter is defined. If not,
// then default to COMMA.
strDelimiter = (strDelimiter || ",");
// Create a regular expression to parse the CSV values.
var objPattern = new RegExp(
(
// Delimiters.
"(\\" + strDelimiter + "|\\r?\\n|\\r|^)" +
// Quoted fields.
"(?:\"([^\"]*(?:\"\"[^\"]*)*)\"|" +
// Standard fields.
"([^\"\\" + strDelimiter + "\\r\\n]*))"
),
"gi"
);
// Create an array to hold our data. Give the array
// a default empty first row.
var arrData = [[]];
// Create an array to hold our individual pattern
// matching groups.
var arrMatches = null;
// Keep looping over the regular expression matches
// until we can no longer find a match.
while (arrMatches = objPattern.exec(strData)){
// Get the delimiter that was found.
var strMatchedDelimiter = arrMatches[ 1 ];
// Check to see if the given delimiter has a length
// (is not the start of string) and if it matches
// field delimiter. If id does not, then we know
// that this delimiter is a row delimiter.
if (
strMatchedDelimiter.length &&
(strMatchedDelimiter != strDelimiter)
){
// Since we have reached a new row of data,
// add an empty row to our data array.
arrData.push([]);
}
// Now that we have our delimiter out of the way,
// let's check to see which kind of value we
// captured (quoted or unquoted).
if (arrMatches[ 2 ]){
// We found a quoted value. When we capture
// this value, unescape any double quotes.
var strMatchedValue = arrMatches[ 2 ].replace(
new RegExp("\"\"", "g"),
"\""
);
} else {
// We found a non-quoted value.
var strMatchedValue = arrMatches[ 3 ];
}
// Now that we have our value string, let's add
// it to the data array.
arrData[ arrData.length - 1 ].push(strMatchedValue);
}
// Return the parsed data.
return(arrData);
};
Sie dann time-driven trigger in Ihrem Skript-Projekt erstellen können importData() Funktion in regelmäßigen Abständen (zB jede Nacht um 01.00 Uhr) zu laufen, also alles, was Sie tun müssen, ist setzt neue Datei report.csv in die vorgesehenen Drive-Ordner und wird beim nächsten geplanten Lauf automatisch verarbeitet.
Wenn Sie unbedingt mit Excel-Dateien anstelle von CSV arbeiten müssen, können Sie diesen Code unten verwenden. Damit es funktioniert, müssen Sie die Drive API in den erweiterten Google-Diensten in Ihrem Skript und in der Developers Console aktivieren (Details finden Sie unter).
/**
* Convert Excel file to Sheets
* @param {Blob} excelFile The Excel file blob data; Required
* @param {String} filename File name on uploading drive; Required
* @param {Array} arrParents Array of folder ids to put converted file in; Optional, will default to Drive root folder
* @return {Spreadsheet} Converted Google Spreadsheet instance
**/
function convertExcel2Sheets(excelFile, filename, arrParents) {
var parents = arrParents || []; // check if optional arrParents argument was provided, default to empty array if not
if (!parents.isArray) parents = []; // make sure parents is an array, reset to empty array if not
// Parameters for Drive API Simple Upload request (see https://developers.google.com/drive/web/manage-uploads#simple)
var uploadParams = {
method:'post',
contentType: 'application/vnd.ms-excel', // works for both .xls and .xlsx files
contentLength: excelFile.getBytes().length,
headers: {'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()},
payload: excelFile.getBytes()
};
// Upload file to Drive root folder and convert to Sheets
var uploadResponse = UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://www.googleapis.com/upload/drive/v2/files/?uploadType=media&convert=true', uploadParams);
// Parse upload&convert response data (need this to be able to get id of converted sheet)
var fileDataResponse = JSON.parse(uploadResponse.getContentText());
// Create payload (body) data for updating converted file's name and parent folder(s)
var payloadData = {
title: filename,
parents: []
};
if (parents.length) { // Add provided parent folder(s) id(s) to payloadData, if any
for (var i=0; i<parents.length; i++) {
try {
var folder = DriveApp.getFolderById(parents[i]); // check that this folder id exists in drive and user can write to it
payloadData.parents.push({id: parents[i]});
}
catch(e){} // fail silently if no such folder id exists in Drive
}
}
// Parameters for Drive API File Update request (see https://developers.google.com/drive/v2/reference/files/update)
var updateParams = {
method:'put',
headers: {'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + ScriptApp.getOAuthToken()},
contentType: 'application/json',
payload: JSON.stringify(payloadData)
};
// Update metadata (filename and parent folder(s)) of converted sheet
UrlFetchApp.fetch('https://www.googleapis.com/drive/v2/files/'+fileDataResponse.id, updateParams);
return SpreadsheetApp.openById(fileDataResponse.id);
}
/**
* Sample use of convertExcel2Sheets() for testing
**/
function testConvertExcel2Sheets() {
var xlsId = "0B9**************OFE"; // ID of Excel file to convert
var xlsFile = DriveApp.getFileById(xlsId); // File instance of Excel file
var xlsBlob = xlsFile.getBlob(); // Blob source of Excel file for conversion
var xlsFilename = xlsFile.getName(); // File name to give to converted file; defaults to same as source file
var destFolders = []; // array of IDs of Drive folders to put converted file in; empty array = root folder
var ss = convertExcel2Sheets(xlsBlob, xlsFilename, destFolders);
Logger.log(ss.getId());
}
The above code is also available as a gist here.
Google-Tabellenkalkulation-API kann Daten in eine vorhandene Google-Tabelle importieren. Ich vermute, dass die Drive-API eine Möglichkeit zum Importieren als neue Tabellendatei bietet, da ich glaube, dass ich Code für den Import auf SO gesehen habe. – eddyparkinson
Neugierig darauf, wie Ihr Altsystem die Berichtsdateien direkt in Google Drive generiert. Verwendet es die Drive API oder einen anderen Mechanismus? Wenn Sie Ersteres verwenden, können Sie den Code für die automatische Konvertierung in Sheets im Handumdrehen ändern, anstatt CSV-Dateien nachbearbeiten zu müssen. – wescpy